Ap 1988 Euro

1988 MC bailiwick AP europiuman Hi narrative Exam coke questions in 75 minutes. 1. Salvation by faith al mavin, the ministry of all(prenominal) believers, and the authority of the watch term be principles basic to (A) the deliverymanian nabionateism of Erasmus (B) the Church of England (C) Catholicism after(prenominal) the Council of Trent (D) Luth periodnism in the other(a) sixteenth coke (E) the cordial club of Jesus (Jesuit order) 2. The Edict of Nantes in 1598 did which of the avocation? (A) Ensured Anglo- french cooperation throughout the 17th century. (B) Created a french church separated from papal authority. (C) cease the fightfare of the Spanish Succession. D) Proclaimed the toleration of Calvinism. (E) Precipitated the French wars of Religion. pic 3. The sketch in a higher place, d edgedn by Galileo in 1610, was employd to argue that the daydream (A) has no phases (B) has an irregular surface (C) is one of the planets (D) does non revolve around th e universe (E) is illuminated by Mars 4. You worship the saints and delight in touching their relics, precisely you despise the surpass one they left everyplace(p) behind, the use of a holy livelihood-time . If the worship of Christ in the mortal of His saints pleases you so very very much, see to it that you imitate Christ in the saintsThe quotation supra expresses the sensible horizons of which of the pursuit? (A) hydrogen VIII of England (B) Catherine de Medici (C) Erasmus of Rotterdam (D) Leonardo da Vinci (E) Niccolo Machiavelli 5. earth-closet Locke establish his Two Treatises on G everyplacenment primarily on which of the avocation views of kind dis set? (A) toilet be basi scruby rational and learn from ca-caing experience. (B) people atomic round 18 weak and skanky and need the counselor of organized religion. (C) People are fallible and need guidance from the cumulative wisdom of tradition. (D) People are inherently quarrelsome and should never be encouraged to revolt against convey authority. E) People are born with all cognition, and eruditeness is the process of remembering that innate knowledge pic 6. The map supra of 18th-century Russia suggests which of the quest slightly Russian soil between 1689 and 1796? (A) The tuffet pudding stone annexed the Crimea (B) Peter the Great added to a greater extent territory to Russia than did Catherine the Great (C) roughly Russian intricacy withalk situate in the eastern United States (D) Russia ceded territory to Poland in the new-fangled ordinal century (E) Russia acquired navigable seaports in both the north and the south 7.Which of the succeeding(a) go around describes the policy-making and economical environment of much of fifteenth century Italy? (A) A a couple of(prenominal) large bring ups rule by a wealthy landed magnanimousness (B) A impregnable unified Italian monarchy that patronized the arts (C) Many indep residualingent city-states with gilt merchant oligarchies (D) Control of near of Italy by the pope, who encouraged mer messtile organic evolution (E) stand of the arts in Italy by the kings of France and the hallowed papistic emperors, who were competing for do feat 8. The receipt of the roman print Catholic church to the Protestant reformation include all of the pastime remove A) the abolition of the Index of Prohibited Books (B) the ecesis of the Society of Jesus (Jesuit order) (C) the convening of the Council of Trent (D) the knowledgeableness of womens orders active in gentility and care of the sick (E) an profit in the derive of parish grammar schools pic 9. The Pieter Brueghal painting (circa 1569) sh ingest above depicts the carnage of liquidationrs in A) the Netherlands by Spanish troop B) Russia by pansy troops C) Spain by aim troops D) France by Swedish troops E) Hungary by Austrian 10. The commencement semi governmental use of the terms right-hand(a) and left was to describe the A ) division of France into preponderantly Protestant and predominantly roman type Catholic areas (B) seating arrangements in the French depicted object fable chamber during the French transition (C) party alliances in the English home plate of Commons during the debates prior to the Ameri stool gyration (D) two wings of the Versailles palace that housed the Roman Catholic and the Huguenot nobility (B) factions in the English Parliament that condenseed James II or William of Orange 11. Which of the avocation statements trump describes the writers of the Romantic school? (A)They stressed sensation rather than rea give-and-take. B)They continued the traditions of the Enlightenment. (C)They were advocates of change magnitude political rights for women. (D)They modeled their work on the enlightenics of Greece and Rome. (E)They based their writing on scientific and numeral models. 12. During the Crimean war (1854-1856), just about deaths among the war machine occurred as a re sult of (A) trench war and poisonous gas (B) guerrilla war (C) naval engagements (D) disease and inadequate medical examination care (E) heavy artillery barrage fire 13. In fifteenth-century atomic number 63. Muslim culture exerted the great influence on which of the followers societies? A) English (B) French (C) German (D) Italian (E) Spanish 14. In 1500 the two intimately almighty autocracies in Eastern europium were (A) Muscovy and the Ottoman conglomerate (B) the Ottoman and the mired empires (C) the Byzantine imperium and Poland-Lithuania (D) Poland-Lithuania and Hungary (E) Hungary and Kievan Russia 15. The principal reason wherefore Louis XIV (1643-1715) built his palace at Versailles was to (A) tighten his guarantee over the nobility (B) strengthen ties with the Huguenots (C) move the kings re fountnce nearer to the center of the democracy (D) provide thousands of jobs E) absorb the excess gross produced by mercantilist tax policies 16. In the minute of arc h alf of the seventeenth century, which of the quest countries dominated atomic number 63an culture, politics, and diplomacy? (A) England (B) The Netherlands (C) Russia (D) France (E) Prussia 17. Which of the chthonicmentioned scoop characterizes the western atomic number 63an economy, as a whole, in the sixteenth century? (A) far-flung un involution (B) Declining apportion wind and commerce (C) Technological breakthroughs in fade (D) Unrestricted trade among nations (E) spiraling largeness 18.In the fore close half of the seventeenth century, the Austrian Hapsburgs subdued revolt and centralize control in their territories by doing which of the adjacent? (A) Emancipating the peasantry and encouraging verdant phylogenesis (B) anyying with the urban middle manikines and encouraging commercial outgrowth (C) Establishing a bailiwick church headed by the Hapsburg emperor and redistributing former church properties (D) Creating a customs kernel to promote trade and acq uiring new territories to issue merchants with raw materials (E) Waging warfare against rebel groups and instigateing the Catholic reformation 9. Which of the pursual was a study result of the cardinal Years War (1618-1648)? (A) The long-term strengthening of the Holy Roman Emperors authority (B) The criminalise of Calvinism in the German states (C) The founding of buckram Russian influence in the blue German states (D) The loss of as much as one- third of the German-speaking earth of discourse through war, plague, and starvation (E) The encouragement of quick economic development in galore(postnominal) German-speaking cities 20. After the defeat of great power Charles I in the English civil War and his execution in 1649, England was governed for a decade by A) a elective re overt with universal suffrage (B) a commonplacewealth led by Oliver Cromwell and his son (C) a constitutional monarchy at a lower place study power James II (D) the king of Scotland (E) a p arliamentary council dominated by egalitarians 21. Which of the future(a) most clearly distinguishes the northern conversion from the Italian Renaissance? (A) Interest in science and engineering science (B) Greater busy with religious piety (C) Cultivation of a Latin style (D) Use of subject area phraseologys in literature (E) Admiration for scholastic thought 22. Adam Smith maintained that A) workers real wages decrease in the long run (B) world ceaselessly t eat ups to outstrip food supplies (C) monopolies benefit the state (D) competition is socially beneficial (E) social vicissitude is inevitable 23. Which of the avocation early nineteenth-century political figures was most closely identify with the c at a timept of the concert of atomic number 63? (A) Castlereagh (B) catnap I (C) Talleyrand (D) Alexander I (E) Metternich 24. A factor accelerating the British judicatures repeal of the Corn Laws in 1846 was the (A) southerly Sea Bubble scandal (B) American revolut ion C) Irish potato dearth (D) development of relatively inexpensive nautical transport (E) worldwide mechanization of cereal grass farming 25. Which of the interest spared atomic number 63 a universal multi subject field war during the uphold half of the nineteenth century? (A) The surgical procedure of an effective counterbalance of power (B) atomic number 63s preoccupation with industrial development (C) The strength of the German navy (D) dismay of Ottoman expansion into the rest of Europe (E) A policy of let go and unexclusive trade 26. The 18th-century philosophes believed that society could best discover progress through A) prayer and musing (B) intuition (C) hard work and defense (D) scientific empiricism (E) analysis of Hellenic and Latin texts 27. The model of the universe which resulted from the scientific work of Galileo and Newton embraced (A) Aristotelian school of thought (B) a belief in an acclivity chain of being (C) a whim of a spiritually animate universe (D) the belief in the fixed, central position of the Earth (E) the science of mechanics 28. The installment of events that led to the French mutation of 1789 is best summarized by which of the following? A) Lafayettes call for democracy, royal suppression of the home(a) Assembly, Robespierres direct a peasant revolution (B) Peasant uprisings, royal abdication, election of the content Assembly (C) Franco-Austrian war, urban riots, convening of the Assembly of Notables (D) Widespread famine, repression of riots, guerrilla war (E) magnificent financial crisis, convening of the Estates General, storming of the Bastille 29. In place of the old bourgeois society, with its syllabuses and class antagonism, we shall stomach an association, in which the free development of separately is the condition for the free development of all. These lyric express the ideas of (A) Alexis de Tocqueville (B) John Locke (C) Jean-Jacques Rousseau (D) Edmund remove (E) Karl Marx and Fried rich Engels 30. Which of the following best describes an important trend in typical family sizing in western Europe after 1870? (A) It increased in urban areas due to improvements in public health and housing for workers. (B) It decreased in working-class families due to legislation restrict child ride. (C) It decreased sharply because of inveterate food shortages (D) It decreased initially in the middle classes because of the increased approachs of raising children. E) It remained unchanged because of massive emigration abroad 31. English economic expansion was in earnest threatened in the eighteenth century by a fastly change magnitude supply of (A) peat (B) wood (C) coal (D) anele (E) water power pic Left side of graph should read Population (in millions), the first number is 1700 not 700 32. completely of the following statements roughly Europes cosmos in the eighteenth century can be inferred from the graph above tho (A) For most of the century, France had the larg est tribe of any European power. (B) The population of Eastern Europe outstripped that of Hesperian Europe in size. C) Russia experient the largest increase in rate of population growth. (D) The population of the British Isles grew throughout the century. (E) Rates of population growth increased after 1750. 33. The beauty parlor was a weekly gathering held in the home of one of the dominant ladies of the society, at which dinner was ordinarily parcel outd, cards usually played, but conversation led by the hostess predominated. A few salons were cognise as having the ideal mixture of leading intellectuals, open-minded nobles, and clever, elegant women. The handing over above describes an important aspect of social aliveness in which of the following? A) Geneva during the Reformation (B) Florence during the Renaissance (C) London during the Glorious renewing (D) Paris during the Enlightenment (E) Berlin during the Kulturkampf 34. Enlightened monarchs of the eighteenth cent ury supported all of the following omit (A) religious tolerance (B) increased economic harvest-feastivity (C) pacifist contradictory policy (D) administrative reform (E) temporal and technical education 35. Which of the following characterized European warfare between the Peace of Utrecht (1713) and the outbreak of the French Revolution (1789)? (A) Standing armies move limited strategic goals B) Citizen armies fighting for their native Australian lands (C) Feudal armies fighting for their lords (D) Mass armies prosecute global strategies (E) Highly mobile armies unrestrained by traditionalistic defenses 36. Under the snoozeic schema, peasants in territories conquered by French armies were slackly given (A) the right to vote for representatives to serve in newly created parliaments (B) control over the appointment of village priests (C) exemption from manorial obligations (D) free lessons in the French language (E) sets of laws designed specifically to fit topical anaest hetic conditions 37. The greatest happiness for the greatest number was the explicit goal of which of the following movements? (A) love story (B) Utilitarianism (C) Pietism (D) Anarchism (E) Jansenism 38. In the presence of my guests I reduced the telegram by deleting words, without adding or altering a single word . . . which make the announcement appear decisive. My guest verbalise Now it has quite a contrary ring. In its original form it sounded deal a parley. Now it is like a flourish of trumpets in act to a challenger. I went on to exempt . . . it will feature the effect of a red flag on the Gallic bullThe individual recounting the story above was (A) Napoleon III (B) Cavour (C) Disraeli (D) von Bismarck (E) Alexander II 39. The disease most common in industrialized areas of nineteenth-century Europe was (A) bubonic plague (B) tuberculosis (C) smallpox (D) malaria (E) leprosy 40. In 1917 the Bolsheviks look to rally support from the Russian people with which of the following slogans? (A) Peace, land, wampum (B) Socialism in one solid ground (C) Blood and iron (D) Family, work, fatherland (E) Liberty, equality, corporation 41. French leaders decided to carry Ger numerouss Ruhr Valley in January 1923 in order to A) counterbalance Soviet influence in Ger many another(prenominal) (B) incorporate German territory permanently into France (C) halt the rise of the Nazi party among workers in the region (D) use the regions industrial production to accelerate Frances rearmament (E) seize goods as payment for Germanys reparations debt 42. By 1948 Soviet-dependent regimes existed in all of the following countries EXCEPT (A) Bulgaria (B) Hungary (C) Poland (D) Rumania (E) Yugoslavia 43. The French monarchy in the seventeenth century sought to expand Frances borders to its natural frontiers by gaining control of (A) Schleswig-Holstein B) Milan (C) Alsace (D) Spain (E) Tuscany 44. Which of the following caused the deepest and most retentive internal o pposition to the French Revolution? (A) The Great Fear (B) The storming of the Bastille (C) The publication of Burkes Reflections on the Revolution in France (D) The advent of the Thermidorean reaction (E) The enactment of the cultivated Constitution of the Clergy 45. Architecture produced in the Napoleonic Empire was influenced most by (A) antediluvian Egyptian pyramids (B) classical models (C) Romanesque churches (D) Islamic structures (E) gothic churches pic 46.The graph above depicts the lengths, from longest to shortest, of the railway line systems of (A) the United Kingdom, the Italian states, France (B) the United Kingdom, the German states, France (C) The German states, the United Kingdom, the Italian states (D) France, the German states, the Italian states (E) France, the United Kingdom, the German states 47. bloody shame Wollstonecraft and John Stuart Mill both wrote (A) critiques of the French Revolution (B) tracts on liberty and the rights of women (C) Utopian novels (D) polemics against alcohol consumption (E) satires of George III of England 48.all(a) of the following cities experienced major uprisings in 1848 EXCEPT A) Paris B) Berlin C) London D) Rome E) capital of Austria pic 49. The image shown above is an example of a new technique for examining the human be which was discovered by (A) Faraday (B) Pasteur (C) Lister (D) gas constant (E) Planck Questions 50-51 are based on the passage below. Where liberal parties, now liberal provided in name, remained in power, they embraced protectionism and imperialism, undertook social regulation, and retain from the old liberal creed merely Opposition to the extension of the franchise and to the church. 50.In what era did the developments describe in the passage most probably take place? (A) 1715-1788 (B) 1789-1800 (C) 1815-1830 (D) 1880-1905 (E) 1945-1970 51. Which of the following factors best explains the transformation and decline of liberalism described in the passage? (A) The continued obl igingness of peasants to aristocratic influence (B) The rise of industrial society and of mass political movements (C) The general decline in literacy order (D) The softness of laissez-f coursee economics to uproot traditional communal agriculture and guilds (E) A strong popular reaction against liberal anti-clericalism 2. Which of the following ideas did Darwin draw on in maturation his theories of evolution? (A) The Romantics ideas about the importance of sublime individuals (B) The scientific view that species are eternal and unchanging (C) The Biblical account of creation in Genesis (D) Nineteenth-century theories of manifest requirement (E) The population theories of Thomas Malthus pic 53. The nineteenth-century English toon above depicts (A) the weakening of Great Britain caused by emigration (B) Thomas Manns demise in Venice (C) the pollution resulting from industrialization D) British naval losses (E) criminals lurking around British waterways 54. The immediate cause of the 1905 Russian Revolution was social strain resulting from (A) the agitation of the Russian Social Democratic party (B) the mass emigration of skilled workers to the New universe of discourse (C) attempts by the politics to reform the Russian Orthodox church (D) the demands of ethnic groups for political autonomy (E) Russian losses in the Russo-Japanese War pic 55. According to the graph above, which class in sixteenth-century England benefited most from the trends shown? (A) Landowners B) Landless laborers (C) dwelling servants (D) Merchants (E) Small-scale artisans 56. Which of the following was a principal(a) result of the Glorious Revolution of 1688? (A) The establishment of universal male suffrage (B) The yield of Roman Catholicism to both England and Scotland (C) The confinement of monarchic power (D) The execution of Charles I (E) The crow of Puritanism 57. Important prerequisites for Great Britains industrialization in the mid-eighteenth century included which o f the following? (A) Innovations in agricultural techniques and increases in food production B) Dramatic improvements in workers housing in the cities (C) A rapid increase in the amount of money imported from New adult male colonies (D) urge ony growth of a national system of rail transport (E) Strong monarchical leadership and a centralized governance bureaucracy pic 58. The shaded areas on the map above represent which of the following? (A) Dynastic lands of the Hapsburgs in the sixteenth century (B) Participants in the Thirty Years War in the seventeenth century (C) Protestant regions in the eighteenth century (D) Members of the Holy Alliance in the nineteenth century E) Members of the join Atlantic conformity Organization in the ordinal century 59. Which of the following European countries experienced the greatest degree of political mental unsoundness in the nineteenth century? (A) Austria (B) France (C) The Netherlands (D) Prussia (E) Russia 60. When Sigmund Freud remar ked that in mental life nothing which has once been formed can perish, he meant that (A) human beings are rational creatures (B) human beings can remember and recall all experiences at will (C) all mental acts are conscious mental acts D) the unconscious maintain unpleasant as well as pleasant thoughts (E) the unconscious obliterates excess thoughts pic 61. The chronologically arranged maps above illustrate the (A) cogitate phases of the Franco-Prussian War (B) Schlieffen Plan (C) concluding phases of the counterbalance World War (D) settlement of the Treaty of Versailles. 1919 (E) invasion of France in 1940 62. Which of the following ideas is common to the works of both Karl Marx and the classical economists? (A) The countermine of the bourgeoisie by the revolutionary labor movement is inevitable. B) Class struggle is the mechanism of historical progress. (C) The free exchange of wages for labor ensures social harmony. (D) The nurse of a product is largely determined by the value of the labor used to produce it. (E) The triumph of the proletariat will bring about a classless society. 63. During the last third of the nineteenth century, new industries, such as those producing electric power and chemicals, progress most rapidly in which of the following European countries? (A) France (B) Italy (C) Germany (D) Belgium (E) Spain 64. What the breechloader, the machine gun, the steamboat, the steamship, quinine, and other innovations did was to lower the cost in both financial and human terms of penetrating, conquering, and exploiting new territories. So efficient did they make imperialism that not simply national governments but even individuals like Henry Stanley and Cecil Rhodes could precipitate events and stake out claims to vast territories which later became parts of empires. The historian quoted above would most likely use which of the following statements to explain imperialism in Africa after 1870? A) Europes major corporations used merciless force in their search for overseas trade and salary. (B) The power of European technology provided the mechanism that made imperialism cheap and easy. (C) European politicians were willing and eager to risk war for the sake of national prestige. (D) Individuals like Stanley and Rhodes were more(prenominal) important than economic forces in the achievement of Africa by Europeans. (E) The European officer class was eager to use Africa as a testing ground for new weapons. 65. All of the following were invented in western United Statesern Europe during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries EXCEPT A) firearms (B) portable printing type (C) the compound microscope (D) the compass (E) the flying shuttle 66. It was an important confederacy of commercial towns in northern Germany with its own laws, diplomats, and flags. Its membership of merchants earned large profits shipping fish, timber, and other resources to areas to the west and to the south. prosperity declined, however, when trade routes shifted from the Baltic to the Atlantic after 1500. The description above refers to the (A) fusion of the Rhine (B) Hanseatic partnership C) Merchants of the Staple (D) Holy Roman Empire (E) Schmalkaldic League 67. In the sixteenth century, all of the following had religious civil wars or political insurrections EXCEPT (A) Muscovite Russia (B) England (C) the scurvy Countries (D) France (E) the German states 68. The teachings of which of the following had the greatest shock absorber on the Reformation in Scotland? (A) Ignatius of Loyola (B) John Calvin (C) Martin Luther (D) Desiderius Erasmus (E) Ulrich Zwingli 69. Mercantilism was principally characterized by (A) government efforts to build a strong. elf-sufficient economy (B) the efforts of the merchant class to influence policy by subsidizing the government (C) efforts by bankers and exporters to establish free trade (D) the scheme that gold and argent were not real wealth (E) the view that labor ought to be able to seek its own market 70. In the late seventeenth century, which of the following countries led Continental Europe in shipbuilding, navigation, and commerce and banking? (A) France (B) Russia (C) The Netherlands (D) Denmark (E) Spain 71. In eighteenth-century Europe, the most important imperial rivalries existed among which three of the following? A) Russia, France, and Great Britain (B) The German states, the Italian states, and Great Britain (C) The German states, the Italian states, and France (D) The German states, the Italian states, and Spain (E) Spain, France, and Great Britain 72. All of the following occurred as a result of the settlements reached at the Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) EXCEPT (A) A balance of power was reestablished. (B) Belgium was united with the Netherlands under the House of Orange. (C) The neutrality of Switzerland was recognized. (D) Italy was unified under Sardinian leadership. E) A personal union between Sweden and Norway was created. 73. In th e mid-nineteenth century, industrial growth in Western Europe was significantly stimulated by the (A) abolition of national customs barriers (B) introduction of assembly-line production (C) investment of United States Capital (D) expansion of cargo ships systems (E) expansion of labor unions 74. Which of the following factors most stimulated the entrance of large numbers game of women into the labor force in many European countries during the First World War? (A) The decline in the average size of families (B) The increase in divorce rates C) Woman suffrage (D) The spread of Wilsonian principles (E) The shortage in the labor supply 75. A social historian would be most likely to research which of the following topics? (A) French diplomacy, 1742-1763 (B) Frederick William I and the General Directory of War, Finance, and Domains (C) The philosophical assumptions of Montesquieus Persian Letters (D) Napoleons Freudian relationship with Madame de Stael (E) Family life in a French vill age 76. In late nineteenth-century Great Britain, women were in the majority in which of the following categories of employment? (A) Transportation B) Mining (C) Factory work (D) Domestic service (E) Construction work 77. Which of the following scientific theories of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries was used to support notions of racial favorable position? (A)Jamess hypothesis of pragmatism (B)Freuds psychoanalytic theory (C)Darwins theory of natural selection (D)Plancks quantum theory (E)Pavlovs theory of conditioned response pic 78. The painting above, Musical Forms (1931 ) by Georges Braque, is an example of which of the following schools of painting? (A) Romantic (B)Impressionist (C) cubistic (D) Expressionist (E) Realist 79.Albert Einstein is well cognise for theorizing that (A) atoms are stable, basic building blocks of nature (B) time and space are dislocated concepts (C) light contains energy only when it is perceptible (D) mass and energy are interconvertible (E ) the speed of an aircraft cannot exceed the speed of sound 80. Most historians would agree with which of the following descriptions of the Treaty of Versailles of 1919? (A) A treaty that spelled out the Soviet northerns reparation obligations (B) A triumph of farsighted political and economic readiness (C) A treaty that dismantled the British Empire D) A destructive placidity dictated by the United States (E) A treaty that the defeated thought too harsh and the victors thought too gentle 81. The political and social values of the Vichy government in France during the Second World War are best described as (A) democratic, socialistic, peaceful (B) radically fascistic, antichurch, antielitist (C) conservative-authoritarian, corporatist, Catholic (D) monarchist, nationalistic, anti forces (E) republican, liberal, expansionist pic 82. The map above represents the British Empire in (A) 1776 (B) 1850 (C) 1919 (D) 1950 (E) 1961 83. Man, being the servant and congressman of Nature, ca n do and understand so much . . . as he has observed.. . . beyond this he neither knows anything nor can do anything. The passage above was written by (A) Francis Bacon (B) Martin Luther (C) Rene Descartes (D) Georg Hegel (E) Friedrich Nietzsche 84. Which of the following European states was the last to manage legal discrimination against Jews? (A) Austria-Hungary (B) France (C) Great Britain (D) Italy (E) Russia 85. All of the following were among President Wilsons cardinal Points EXCEPT (A) an independent Poland (B) absolute freedom of navigation C) the limitation of armaments (D) the autonomous development of the peoples of Austria-Hungary (E) the autonomous development of the peoples of the Russian Empire 86. The major objective of the Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) was to (A) end the use of war for solving international controversies (B) end the Russo- reflect border conflict (C) end tensions between France and Great Britain over the export of French farm surpluses to Great Bri tain (D) end the French occupation of the Ruhr (E) replace the Dawes and youth plans pic 87. The illustration above from a 1940 German magazine suggests that women should A) bear as many children as possible (B) not be discouraged by shortages of food and consumer goods (C) not work outside the house (D) support the war effort by doing their sons and husbands jobs (E) draught in the army to help the war effort 88. The primary instrument of economic integration in Western Europe since the Second World War has been the (A) North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) (B) European Economic Community (EEC) (C) World jargon (D) United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) (E) European Free Trade Association (EFTA) 9. The most notable social effect of the 1923 inflation in Germany was the (A) depletion of the savings and income of the middle class (B) encouragement of population shifts from cities to the countryside (C) strengthening of the position of women in the work force (D) speedup of a trend toward the establishment of accommodating pension plans (E) reduction of social tensions 90. All of the following are policies to which totalitarian states have traditionally adhered EXCEPT (A) encouragement of multiparty political systems (B) promotion of social welfare measures C) expansion of the military (D) economic planning (E) memory of periodic elections 91. Which of the following was a major factor in German military victories in1939-1940? (A) Overwhelming German technological and numerical superiority to the French and the English (B) French insistence on continuing to fight, heedless of the cost (C) Britains campaign in Norway, which diverted British troops from Western Europe (D) The German armys effective use of armor and air power in the Blitzkrieg (E) The German defeat of the Russian army at Tannenberg in August 1939 92.Which of the following statements about twentieth-century existentialists like Albert Camus and Jean-Paul Sartre is true? (A) They questioned the efficacy of reason and science in disposition the human situation. (B) They counseled an integration of Christian principles into unremarkable life. (C) They promoted the development of nuclear technology. (D) They advocated a return to the ideals of the Enlightenment. (E) They advocated nationalism and the strengthening of the individual nation-states. 93. In the 1960s a factor that imposing Soviet social structure from the societies of advanced industrial nations in Western Europe was theSoviet sum of moneys (A) lack of lingual and ethnic divisions (B) high percentage of workers busy in agriculture (C) rising number of workers in service-sector jobs (D) integration of women into the political elect (E) system of compulsory education 94. Which of the following was the major reason for the establishment of the bivalent Monarchy in 1867? (A) To satisfy the demands of the Magyars (B) To resist Turkish encroachment into Europe (C) To resis t demands made by Napoleon III (D) To balance the power of the North German Confederation (E) To curb the growing strength of a united Italy 5. The immediate aim of the Truman teaching of 1947 was to (A) promote the economic recovery of Europe (B) block the spread of communism in France and Italy (C) prevent the overthrow of the Greek and Turkish governments (D) bring about Soviet coitus interruptus from Czechoslovakia (E) forestall Soviet plans with regard to West Germany 96. Which of the following areas was conceded to Hitler at the Munich Conference of 1938? (A) The Polish Corridor (B) The Rhineland (C) The Saar (D) Silesia (E) Sudetenland 97. The Western Allies and the Soviet Union agreed to all of the following easures to be implemented after the Second World War EXCEPT (A) the division of Berlin into intravenous feeding occupation zones (B) an international trial at Nuremberg of major Nazi leaders (C) a denazification program (D) the placing of Germany under the control of the United Nations (E) the disarmament of the German military 98. Nikita Khrushchevs program of de-Stalinization heterogeneous all of the following EXCEPT (A) keep back the power of the political police (B) fight Stalins cult of personality (C) disbanding agricultural collectives (D) reestablishing the primacy of the Communist party E) loosening controls over culture and society 99. Which of the following characterized Mussolinis ideal of the fascist corporate state? I. Organization of the population into syndicates of employers, employees, and government arbitrators II. brass of semiautonomous regional governments III. Abolition of strikes, lockouts, and the older trade unions (A) I only (B) II only (C) I and II only (D) I and III only (E) I, II, and III 100. Which of the following was a central part of National Socialist ideology? (A) Anticommunism (B) Conservatism (C) Protestantism (D) Utilitarianism (B) Syndicalism